Hematological and molecular finding of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes of North Gujarat

Authors

  • J. G. Patel Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • B. I. Prajapati Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • R. S. Parmar Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • S. H. Raval Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • R. L. Patel Veterinary Officer, Dudhsagar dairy, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
  • S. S. Patel Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of veterinary Science & A.H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • B. J. Patel Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • D. V. Joshi College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • K. M. Solanki Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • S. P. Modh Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India
  • D. S. Patel Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31783/elsr.2022.812227

Keywords:

buffalo, hematology, Trypanosoma evansi, PCR

Abstract

Trypanosoma evansi is definitely one of the most common pathogenic trypanosomes in all over the world, obviously infecting domestic and wild animals. Before it contributes to even more economic losses, a fast and confirmatory early diagnosis is a must to curb the spread and development of the disease. The current study was aimed to identify Trypanosoma spp. in buffalo blood by blood smear analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as comparison of these two methods. This investigation was performed on 475 buffaloes with anaemia, recurrent fever, muscular weakness and loss of appetite. Out of 475 blood samples, 57 were found anaemic (Hb<8.5) through haematological examination. Wet, thin and thick blood smears as well as buffy coat smear examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed on 57 blood samples to detect trypanosoma. Analysis of blood smears well as buffy coat smear(s) revealed that 5 (8.77 %) samples were found positive for Trypanosoma, while polymerase chain reaction analysis determined the infection in 20 (35.09 %) out of 57 animals.

References

[1] P. P. Joshi, V. R. Shegokar, R. M. Powar, S. Herder, R. Katti, H. R. Salkar and V. S. Dani et al., (2005). Human trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in India: The first case report. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 73: 491-495.

[2] G. Ponnudurai, S. Sivaraman, N. Rani and C. Veerapandian (2015). An outbreak of trypanosomosis in buffaloes caused by diminazene resistant Trypanosoma evansi. Buffalo Bull., 34: 1-4.

[3] V. M. Nantulya (1990). Trypanosomiasis in domestic animals: the problems of diagnosis. Rev. Sci. Tech., 9: 357-367.

[4] W. N. Baticados, C. P. Fernandez and A. M. Baticados (2011b). Molecular detection of Trypanosoma evansi in cattle from Quirino Province, Philippine. Veterinarski Arhiv., 81: 635-646.

[5] J. G. Patel, S. H. Raval, R. S. Parmar, S. S. Patel, R. L. Patel, B. J. Patel and D. V. Joshi (2019). Detection of Trypanosoma evansi in cross breed cattle of North Gujarat. Ruminant Science, 8: 1-3.

[6] S. W. Martin (1977). The evaluation of tests. Can. J. Comp. Med., 41: 19-25.

[7] R. Ravindran, J. R. Rao, A. K. Mishra, K. Murari, L. Pathak, N. Babu and C. Chencheri et al., (2008). Trypanosoma evansi in camels, donkeys and dogs in India: comparison of PCR and light microscopy for detection - short communication. Veterinarski Arhiv., 78: 89-94.

[8] M. Hilali, A. Abdel-Gawad, A. Nassar and A. Abdel-Wahab (2006). Hematological and biochemical changes in water buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Vet. Parasitol., 139: 237-243.

[9] P. S. Walia, I. S. Kalra, P. D. Juyal and S. P. Ahuja (1996). Role of activity of Trypanosoma evansi in inducing anemia and immunomodulation in buffalo calves. J. Veterinary Parasitol., 10: 1-9.

[10] S. A. Shehu, N. D. G. Ibrahim, K. A. N. Esievo and G. Mohammed (2006). Role of erythrocyte surface sialic acid in inducing anaemia in Savannah Brown bucks experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Veterinarski Arhiv., 76: 521-530.

[11] M. E. I. Radwan and R. El. Madawy (2010). Diagnosis and Epidemiological Studies of Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Kaliobia Governorate. J. American Science, 6: 894-898.

[12] K. N. Mugittu, R. S. Silayo, P. A. O. Majiwa, E. K. Kimbita, B. M. Mutayoba and R. Maselle (2001). Application of PCR and DNA probes in the characterisation of trypanosomes in the blood of cattle in farms in Morogoro, Tanzania. Vet. Parasitol., 94: 177-189.

[13] A. Sow, I. Sidibe, M. Desquesnes, Z. Bengaly and L. J. Pangui (2006). The application of PCR-ELISA to the detection of Trypanosoma congolense type savannah (TCS) in bovine blood samples. Trop. Biomed., 23: 123-129.

[14] W. N. Baticados, D. L. Castro and A. M. Baticados (2011a). Parasitological and PCR detection of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes from Luzon, Philippines. Ceylon J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.), 40: 141-146.

Downloads

Published

2022-03-02

Issue

Vol 8, Issue 1, 2022

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Author (s)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright © The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are properly credited, and the work is not modified or adapted.

How to Cite

Hematological and molecular finding of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes of North Gujarat. (2022). Emergent Life Sciences Research, 22-27. https://doi.org/10.31783/elsr.2022.812227