The ecology, biology and aquaculture of Channa sp. with special emphasis on striped snakehead, Channa striata: A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31783/elsr.2026.1214567Keywords:
distribution, ecology, genotypic characterization, medicinal value, murrel, snakeheadAbstract
Snakeheads belong to the family Channidae and comprise 2 genera of which Channa spp represent an iconic genus of large-bodied species of the family. However, recently, a new family Aenigmachannidae, was erected as a sister group to Channidae. In general, snakeheads have a long, torpedo-shaped body with long, continuous dorsal and anal fins that run along their body upto the caudal fin. They are called snakeheads because of their body shape and the presence of eyes on top of their heads. If they are moist, they can survive out of water up to 4 days. Some species of snakehead can grow to over 4 feet long and weigh more than 40 pounds. Striped murrel is considered to be highly nutritious and is known to have medicinal values. It is also to be noted that some of the snakehead species are becoming invasive. The spread of the species is likely to continue due to illegal introductions, primarily for food, along with natural range extension due to climate change. The majority of species production is from capture fisheries due to a lack of standardized aquaculture production technology, which has led to habitat degradation and pressure on the ecosystem. Therefore, standardization of aquaculture technology is the need of the hour to conserve and enhance the natural stock of the species. However, recent reviews on the species have focussed mainly on aquaculture technologies available for the species.
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