Experimental Investigation of Biogas Production from Water Lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L.
Keywords:
aquatic plant, biogas, fermentation, lake, renewable energyAbstract
Biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD) has emerged as one of the renewable energy production technology of choice because through AD biogas as a renewable fuel. The current study focused on the feasibility of biogas production from water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L. water lettuce contains 49.4% carbohydrates, 16.5% protein, lipid 3.6%, fiber 17.8% and ash 23.8%, and furthermore these compositions are an ideal feedstock for biogas production. The fresh water lettuce was harvested after that dried then powdered before fermentation in mesophilic batch reactors. Experiments were carried out as batch runs in laboratory-scale digesters with the addition of inoculums. Total gas yield was 9667.33 mL, during 45 days digestion time. The maximum methane content was reached 66.35%. Based on these results, water lettuce is very suitable as a substrate for biogas production.
References
A. K. Mathew, I. Bhui, S. N. Banerjee, R. Goswami, A. K. Chakraborty, A. Shome, S. Balachandran and S. Chaudhury (2015). Biogas production from locally available aquatic weeds of Santiniketan through anaerobic digestion. Clean Techn. Environ. Policy., 17: 1681-1688.
AOAC (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Inc., Arlington, VA.
APHA-AWWA-WPCF (2005). Standards Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st ed. APHA-AWWA-WPCF, Washington, DC.
A. Nielfa, R. Cano and M. Fdz-Polanco (2015). Theoretical methane production generated by the co-digestion of organic fraction municipal solid waste and biological sludge. Biotechnol. Rep., 5: 14-21.
A. Wilkie and J. Evans (2010). Aquatic plants: an opportunity feedstock in the age of bioenergy. Biofuels. 1: 311-321.
C. O'Sullivan, B. Rounsefell, A. Grinham, W. Clarke and J. Udy (2010). Anaerobic digestion of harvested aquatic weeds: water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), cabomba (Cabomba caroliniana) and salvinia (Salvinia molesta). Ecol. Eng., 36: 1459-1468.
D. Mishima, M. Kuniki, K. Sel, S. Soda, M. Ike and M. Fujita (2008). Ethanol production from candidate energy crops: water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.). Bioresour. Technol., 99: 2495-2500.
E. Ström (2010). Leachate treatment and anaerobic digestion using aquatic plants and algae. Master Thesis, The Tema Institute, Linköping University, Sweden.
F. F. Coelho, L. Deboni and F. S. Lopes (2005). Density-dependent reproductive and vegetative allocation in the aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (Araceae). J. Trop. Biol., 53: 369-376.
G. Sanchez-Galvan, F. J. Mercado and E. J. Olguin (2013). Leaves and roots of Pistia stratiotes as sorbent materials for the removal of crude oil from saline solutions. Water Air Soil. Pollut., 224: 1421.
N. Šajna, M. Haler, S. Škornik and M. Kaligarič (2007). Survival and expansion of Pistia stratiotes L. in a thermal stream in Slovenia. Aquat. Bot., 87: 75-79.
Q. Lu , Z. L. He, D. A. Graetz, P. J. Stoffella and X. Yang (2010). Phytoremediation to remove nutrients and improve eutrophic stormwaters using water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.). Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 17: 84-96.
R. C. Dalal, D. E. Allen, S. J. Livesley and G. Richards (2008). Magnitude and biophysical regulators of methane emission and consumption in the Australian agri-cultural, forest, and submerged landscapes: a review. Plant and Soil, 309: 43-76.
R. Ramaraj, N. Dussadee, N. Whangchai and Y. Unpaprom (2015a). Microalgae biomass as an alternative substrate in biogas production. Int. J. Sust. Green Ener., 4: 13-19.
R. Ramaraj, R. Kawaree and Y. Unpaprom (2015b). A newly isolated green alga, Pediastrum Duplex Meyen, from Thailand with efficient hydrogen production. Int. J. Sust. Green Ener., 4: 7-12.
W. Li (2014). Environmental opportunities and constraints in the reproduction and dispersal of aquatic plants. Aquat. Bot., 118: 62-70.
Y. Unpaprom, S. Tipnee and R. Ramaraj (2015a). Biodiesel from green alga Scenedesmus acuminatus. Int. J. Sust. Green Ener., 4: 1-6.
Y. Unpaprom, O. Intasaen, P. Yongphet and R. Ramaraj (2015b). Cultivation of microalga Botryococcus Braunii using red Nile tilapia effluent medium for biogas production. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci., 3: 58-65.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Author (s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright © The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are properly credited, and the work is not modified or adapted.
