Confocal Microscopy and its Implementation in Different Biological Aspects

Authors

  • Deepak Vakhare Vidya Pratishthan’s School of Biotechnology (VSBT, Research Centre affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Baramati-413133, Maharashtra, India
  • Amit Gupta Vidya Pratishthan’s School of Biotechnology (VSBT, Research Centre affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Baramati-413133, Maharashtra, India
  • Sushama R. Chaphalkar Vidya Pratishthan’s School of Biotechnology (VSBT, Research Centre affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Baramati-413133, Maharashtra, India

Keywords:

biomedical research, confocal microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, microbiology

Abstract

Biophysical tools and its techniques are in high demand for the study of molecular mechanisms underlying cell biology, immunology and biomedical research including several diagnostics techniques. Biophysical tools basically include microscopy and imaging hydrodynamics, electrophysiology, modeling and simulation, single molecule techniques and spectroscopy. Among these, microscopy is one of the streams of optics that not only presents a magnified view of cellular structures of bacteria, germs, organs etc. but also ensures micro to nano elaboration of organisms or their parts. In this regard, confocal microscopy has become an essential technique in all the fields of biomedical research including life sciences that produce optical sections of cells and tissues that are totally free from fluorescence. In this review, we described the importance and applications of confocal microscopy along with its implementation in different biological aspects.

References

[1] D. V. Patel and C. N. McGhee (2007). Contemporary in vivo confocal microscopy of the living human cornea using white light and laser scanning techniques: a major review. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 35: 71-88.

[2] J. G. White and W. B. Amos (1987). Confocal microscopy comes of age. Nature, 328: 183-184.

[3] G. J. Brakenhoff, H. T. M. V. Voort, E. A. V. Spronsen, W. A. M. Linnemans and N. Nanninga (1985). Three-dimensional chromatin distribution in neuroblastoma nuclei shown by confocal laser scanning laser microscopy. Nature, 317: 748-749.

[4] M. Minsky (1988). Memoir on inventing the confocal scanning microscope. Scanning, 10: 128-138.

[5] A. A. Arish, P. Kalab, J. N. Kamstra, K. Weis and C. Fradin (2009). Spatial distribution and mobility of the Ran GTPase in live interphase cells. Biophys. J., 97: 2164-2178.

[6] P. G. Debaryshe and M. L. Pardue (2011). Differential maintenance of DNA sequences in telomeric and centromeric heterochromatin. Genetics, 187: 51-60.

[7] J. M. Zwier, G. J. V. Rooij, J. W. Hofstraat and G. J. Brakenhoff (2004). Image calibration in fluorescence microscopy. J. Microsc., 216:15-24.

[8] J. C. Waters (2007). Live cell fluorescence imaging. Meth. Cell. Biol., 81: 115-140.

[9] J. B. Pawley, R. Y. Tsien, L. Ernst and A. Waggoner (2006a). Fluorophores for confocal microscopy: photophysics and photochemistry. In Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. J.B.

[10] J. B. Pawley (2006b). Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York. 985.

[11] K. Takeuchi and J. F. Frank (2001). Confocal microscopy and microbial viability detection for food research. J. Food. Prot., 64: 2088-2102.

[12] E. Batchelor and M. Goulian (2006). Imaging Omp R localization in E. coli. Mol. Microbiol., 59: 1767-1778.

[13] D. Tommre and J. B. Pawley (2006). Disk-scanning confocal microscopy. In Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. J.B. Pawley, editor. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York. 221-237.

[14] R.M. Donlan (2001). Biofilm formation: A clinically relevant microbiologically process. Clin. Infect. Dis., 33: 1387-1392.

[15] P. J. Rigby and R. G. Goldie (1999). Confocal microscopy in biomedical research. Croat. Med. J., 40: 346-352.

[16] P. Rohrbach (2012). Quantitative fluorescent live cell imaging of intracellular Ca2+ and H+ ions in malaria parasites. Meth. Enzymol., 505: 469-483.

[17] K. F. O’Connell and A. Golden (2014). Confocal imaging of the microtubule cytoskeleton

in C. elegans embryos and germ cells. Meth. Mol. Biol., 1075: 257-272.

[18] L. Sangmi, R. L. Brown and W. Monroe (2009). Use of confocal laser scanning microscopy in systematics of insects with a comparison of fluorescence from different stains. Syst. Entomol., 34: 10-14.

[19] P. Mukhopadhyay, M. Rajesh, G. Hasko, B. J. Hawkins, M. Madesh and P. Palcher (2007). Simultaneous detection of apoptosis and mitochondrial superoxide production in live cells by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Nat. Protocol., 2: 2295-2301.

Downloads

Published

2016-07-11

Issue

Section

Research Article

How to Cite

Confocal Microscopy and its Implementation in Different Biological Aspects . (2016). Emergent Life Sciences Research, 8-12. https://emergentresearch.org/index.php/ELSR/article/view/47